Private Line service is a high-capacity, high-performance information channel that provides dedicated, end-to-end digital transport service designed for full duplex, point-to-point transmission from sub 1.544 Mbps and higher. Because transmission is digital, the signal is clean and pure – free of crosstalk, amplified noise and distortion. .

Private Line (also called Leased Line) service is a dedicated point-to-point and multipoint inter- or intra-LATA digital data service that transmits at speeds of Fractional T1 and higher. Service providers which include IXCs, ILECs, and resellers provide various options for monitoring, diagnostic capabilities, and transmission privacy. Private line transmission service is designed to transmit data in a digital format from end to end; therefore the signal is high quality, very reliable, and secure.
The pricing structure usually consists of three components: (1) transmission speed (2) a fixed rate for central office termination (a.k.a access charge or local loop) and (3) a mileage charge for the fiber facilities used to carry the digital transmission over a distance. These charges are usually billed monthly by the service providers. The table below shows the transmission rate options for private line service.

A private line, as the names indicates, denotes digital communications facility purchased by a customer, used exclusively by that customer, for their purposes. A dedicated line can be used to support private network connectivity or for access to a public network (local or long-haul). Access to the public network can be used to connect CPE (customer premise equipment) to a Central Office or to an IXC's Point-of-Presence (POP). Private lines are being used for LAN connectivity, video conferencing, remote database backup, network consolidation of voice/data traffic, and most any other application. Private lines are often used to connect corporate locations to collocation facilities or data centers for e-commerce applications, data storage, and web services. In addition, high-speed facilities can be multiplexed - subdivided into multiple independent - which is important in voice and video applications (for example, a T1 line can be subdivided into 24 - 56k channels).

A private line is a essentially a permanent facility; whereby, the line maintains a constant “always on” connection. Private line characteristics and parameters are known factors, making line installation, operation, and quality predictable and relatively reliable. Due to the similarities in quality of service, maintenance, and service options, price often becomes the deciding factor in determining a service provider

With very little difference between features and with switched services--frame relay, Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM), and even circuit switched T1--providing viable alternatives, many users are reconsidering whether private lines are necessarily the way to go, particularly as the number of sites to be interconnected grows. Frame relay and ATM are now well-established broadband services that will significantly affect the traditional dedicated line services market. Frame relay and ATM present competition for T-carrier services.

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